08 · SOURCES5 min

SUMTER FIELD DESK

The evidence desk

Where do the numbers come from?

Primary local and state sources

TopicSourceUse
The project itselfEconomic Development Agreement, PDA and Liberty GA USA LLC, July 1, 2026The executed contract: parties, parcel, phasing, incentives, and operating conditions; read clause by clause. A scan mirrored here, not yet compared against the Authority's file copy
Who owns the landLimited Warranty Deed, Authority to Liberty GA USA LLC, July 22, 2026The recorded conveyance: Deed Book 1806, Pages 746-748, e-filed July 23, 2026. Carries the Sumter County clerk's filing stamp on every page; its granting clause misnames the county as Gwinnett
The land contractPurchase and Sale Agreement, unexecuted$1.00 for the tract, buyer Liberty Data Centers Corp. of Ontario. Undated, with blank signature blocks: the terms as drafted, not a contract shown to be in force. Includes a 100 MW Phase 1 schedule and the campus rendering
Wetlands on the siteTerracon field determination, February 10, 2023 and its delineation map61.47 wetland acres of 103.91, plus 1,862 feet of perennial stream, found jurisdictional. A consultant's opinion, not a Corps determination; see what can be built
Phase I environmental site assessmentTerracon Phase I ESA, June 30, 2022Full 424-page packet for the tract, funded by an EPA Brownfield Assessment grant. Identifies two Recognized Environmental Conditions: EcoFlo Southeast and Triwood. Reports former dumping on the land. Recommends further investigation if the wetland north/west portion is developed.
The ordinance itselfDraft ordinance, passed by the Zoning Committee, August 18, 2026The draft advanced out of committee at 4 p.m., ahead of a council vote
The ordinance offered insteadModel Technology and Data Center Ordinance, version 6, written for Americus, September 16, 2026A drafted I-3 district, 28 pages: use classification by megawatt, separation and noise limits, water-use limits tied to the city's EPD withdrawal permit, Tier 4 Final generator standards, annual compliance reporting, and decommissioning security. Not before either body; a community proposal
Boundary and flood areaRetracement survey, Langford & Associates, platted June 2, 2026102 acres ±, the FEMA Zone AE area, Willets Branch, and the city limits line crossing the tract. The recorded plat at Plat Book F, Page 316 was revised June 15, 2026; this is the earlier version
How the Authority got the landDevelopment Authority minutes, March 9, 2026, excerpt"The county approved giving us this property," and a meeting with the mayor, two councilmen and the county chairman. Page 3 of 4
Municipal water sourceCity of Americus 2024 Water Quality ReportConfirms groundwater wells; contains unrelated editing errors elsewhere
Withdrawal permitGeorgia EPD water-withdrawal listsLinks the official non-farm groundwater permit spreadsheet
Advertised infrastructureSumter County Development AuthorityPlant, consumption, and wastewater marketing figures
Public meeting datesThis desk's meeting calendar, built from the county calendar and the city's postingsEvery posted date for the commission, the council, and the Development Authority, each read off the body's own calendar by hand and linked back to that posting
The moratorium being asked forJoint moratorium resolution, as draftedThe 18-month pause on data-center zoning, permitting, and construction both governments are asked to adopt. A draft presented by residents, not an adopted instrument
Community meeting, August 4, 2026Recording, summary, and slides; the deck is Better governmentWhat speakers said in the room, including a Georgia Power representative answering from the floor. Figures are as speakers gave them and are not verified by this desk; the recording is the record
Community meeting, September 8, 2026Slides and recordingIdentifies the proposed four-building Liberty campus as a 400 MW IT load, consistent with the 100 MW Phase 1 schedule in the unexecuted purchase agreement
Signatures collected on paperSigned paper sheets, redactedNames, signatures, town, ZIP, and the certifying circulator as signed; street addresses removed. What makes the paper line in the tally checkable; see how the petition is verified
AgendasCounty Agenda CenterNewer agenda interface; separate from legacy archive
Georgia data-center power contextGeorgia PSC Data Center Fact SheetState load projections, approvals, and ratepayer protections
Residential solar tariffGeorgia Power FAQ2026 export compensation and 10 kW AC limit
Open records and open meetingsGeorgia's Sunshine Laws, Office of the Attorney General; the sixth-edition handbook is mirrored hereRequest procedure, deadlines, fees, exemptions, and meeting-notice rules; see records and officials
County records procedureSumter County Open Records Request FormAddress, fax, and options the county publishes for requests

Federal and technical sources

TopicSourceUse
2020 county water useUSGS Georgia water-use dataHistorical city and county withdrawals
Groundwater historyUSGS Open-File Report 96-483Historical cones of depression and regional assessment
Cooling-tower waterDepartment of Energy methodFull-load water table by tonnage and cycles of concentration
Dry coolingASHRAE integrated design principlesNear-zero cooling water for true dry closed-loop designs
Virginia sound impactsJLARC Data Centers in VirginiaComplaint measurements, resident reports, and siting context
Large-load grid eventsNERC presentation to FERC1,500 and 1,800 MW Virginia load-loss events
Generator fuelCaterpillar 3516B specificationRepresentative diesel ratings and fuel use
Natural-gas turbineSolar Turbines Titan 130Representative output and heat rate
CO₂ comparisonsEPA typical passenger vehicleDiesel and passenger-vehicle factors
Natural-gas CO₂EIA emission coefficients52.91 kg CO₂ per million Btu
Solar and storage costsNREL Q1 2023 benchmarkHistorical 8 kW / 12.5 kWh modeled benchmark

Secondary or limited sources

These may provide useful leads but should not carry a decisive claim alone:

  • FindEnergy county electricity estimate
  • News coverage of resident complaints
  • Advocacy-group potential-emissions calculations
  • Manufacturer marketing claims without project equipment schedules
  • Videos and informal field measurements

Source-handling rule

For every public statement, ask:

  1. Is this source about this project or only about data centers generally?
  2. Is the number measured, permitted, advertised, modeled, or assumed?
  3. What year and operating condition does it describe?
  4. Does the source include a limitation that changes the meaning?
  5. Can the claim be stated in one sentence without losing that limitation?